the 159's started life as ordinary 158's with bsi couplings but were converted to 159's by a company in scotland,they did have 4 step braking in the early days i think as part of a trial initially and it was later put to standard 3 step.
i believe there was nothing to stop them being ran in multiple despite the 4 step although network south east preffered them not to be used with other 3 step braked units,not sure why this was the case though.
the only major difference between 159's and similar 3 car 158's like the ex-tpe stuff is the toilet retention tanks and SWT▸ have got modified driver switch and door control panels fitted now.
these days 159's can be coupled to other dmu's with compatible bsi couplings for example the 2 and 3 car 158's aquired from TPE▸ .
The 159's did NOT have 4 step braking from new. Urban Mythology I'm afraid. They were built with standard 3 step braking which they still retain. Only difference as far as the brake controls are concerned is there is an emergency stop plunger on the secondmans side which is used during driver training and so forth. They were built as three car 158's, they would have been 158873-895 in the scheme of things, they have the same 400bhp Cummins as the 158863-872 batch of cl158. The interiors were delivered part fitted out, Rosyth Dockyard doing the conversion to 159 interior layout and fitting the first class section, toilet tanks etc.
The delay in fitting toilet tanks to the 159/1's was due to the engineering drawings for the original tanks being mislaid when Rosyth changed hands, a spare tank at Salisbury was cut up and measurements taken in order to obtain the tanks for the 159/1's.
There were thoughts about re-engineing the 159/1's to take the 400bhp Cummins although it doesn't in fact show any performance advantage over the 350bhp Cummins used on the
FGW▸ ones. The step up gears within the transmission have a different ratio which has the effect of keeping the 400 Cummins below its rated BHP. As there is more involved than swapping the engines (The transmission, rads and oil cooler have to be changed as well) I doubt this will happen.