And at the opposite end of the scale - line OPENED 1st July 1903
That's the same day that the Badminton cutoff was opened -
Wikipedia link and that survives to this day and is a very expensive piece of infrastructure to keep open and run reliably. With some disquiet, I looked at Labour's plans to provide a railway that is more reliable and costs the public purse less. Closing expensive to maintain cutoffs would meet both of those manifesto objectives. Electrify Chippenham to Temple Meads and Parkway to Temple Meads, 20 minute frequency London to Bristol with one train onward to Swansea ... just asking.
If we're being silly, how about we cut-off the cut-off with HS4 from Swindon to South Wales via a new Severn Tunnel, roughly following the M4?
We'd need some kind of loop to enable the occasional semi-fast to stop at Bristol Parkway, but with the fasts removed and a bit of 4-tracking there'd be plenty of space for an intensive Cardiff to Bristol service and enough slack on the cutoff to convert it into a decent commuter line with stations at Winterbourne, Coalpit Heath, Chipping Sodbury and Dyson funded terminus at Malmesbury ;-)