I've been in a variety of situations when it comes to fare checks: ...
Some random thoughts which turned into a bit of an analysis (up early this morning / but not working "earlies")
a) Opportunity to buy the correct ticket(s) - from "best" through to "ouch"
- easily provided at departure station or soon after joining initial train
- provided at departure station but difficult to access
- available later en-route without you having to seek it out
- available later en-route with you having to seek it out
- provided prior to exit from a controlled area at destination
- available after passing out of controlled area at destination
- not available at all
There are four categories of fare evasion
- People who don't pay because they take steps to avoid paying
- People who don't pay because they don't have an opportunity
- People who intentionally pay below the correct minimum fare(s)
- People who accidentally pay below the correct minimum fare(s)
b) Ticket inspection - where
- to enable entry to controlled area
- during travel on train
- to enable exit from a controlled area
- nowhere (i.e. none of the above)
b) Ticket inspection - frequency
- virtually every journey
- sometimes
- rarely / hardly ever
The thoroughness of ticket inspections tend (at times, I suspect) to be based on a quick visual profile, and how deeply they go in checking railcards, etc, based also on the demeanour of the passenger. So "didn't bother to check my rail card" is almost like a badge of trust.
Ticketting duties for a train manager come behind safety duties, and train dispatch and running duties. And those duties sometimes involve exchanging information with other staff members, or indeed advising passengers rather than selling tickets. If there are one or two awkward tickets, or a lot of people joining at a station without ticket sales, it can be impractical to check everyone joining before the next station. Bear in mind that the railway has grown far faster than was planned in the last decade and that systems are having to cope with numbers for which they were not designed.